Mechanical figure for teaching golf



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Feb. ze, 1929. 1,703,403

J. L..`MESPLE MECHANICAL FIGURE FOR TEACHING GOLF Filed oct. *1927 3 -Sheets-Sheet FILE 4: Fl E E J7 73 43 69 H3977; /ZZ 6. 7/ o M f8 245 2N Z 244 6G46 .q- 5' fg 246 /6 54 J3- /35'` ZO/ '05 Z/ 227 23 ZZZ 224 ZZ; 95" 225' INVENTOR J0/7/7 L Mefp/e Feb. 26, 1929. Y 1,703,403

J. L.. MESPLE MECHANICAL FIGURE FOR TEACHING GOLF Filed Oct, 5, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR JU/m L. Mafia/e Ma@ ATTORNEYS Patented Feb. 26, 192,9.

UNITED STATES JOHN L. MESPL, or sAN FRANcIscoLcALIroRNI'A.

MECHANICALFIGURE non TEACHING GOLF.

Application filed October 3, 1927.

My invention relates to a mechanical figure, mannequin or skeleton which may be made to simulate a golf swing and by which an analysis may be made of the fundamental motions which ywhen executed in combination make what is known as a golf swing. A golf swing is made as nearly mechanical as is possible thereby insuring the accuracy of the player. Such being the case, the actual motions gone through by a golfer in executing a golf swing may be readily illustrated by means of a mechanical figure or skeleton.A A golf swing is the 4result of several compound movements which may be resolved into four components, a shoulder movement, hip movement, arm movement, and wrist movement. Both the shoulders and the hips rotate about the spine. The

vcombination of the movements of' the shoulders and hips effects the lateral component of the golf swing The vertical component is obtained by the upward and downward action of the arm and the wrist. The combined movements of the hips and the shoulders causes the club head to describe a lateral curve while the combined movements of the arms and wrists causes the club head to describe a vertical curve. Th'e combination of the lateral and vertical motions causes the golf club head to move in the path of an ellipse, the plane of which is an oblique plane. A golf swing may be divided into. three positions, the address, top and nish of the swing. In the up swing the body is pivoted on the right hip and the shoulders turn substantially to av right angle `from the position of the address. The left arm remains substantially straight, the right arm is flexed and there is an upward movement of both the wrists and the arms. At the top of the swing the left arm should be nearly straight, the right elbow down, both wrists under the club handle, the club .head pointed downward, the eyes parallel with the line of play, both knees slightly flexed,

the club shaft substantially horizontal and parallel with the liney of play and close to the back of the players head. The down swing is substantially the reverse of the up swing. After the club engages with the ball the weight of the body is completely shifted to the left hip, the right arm issubstantially straight,` the left arm is flexed, the shoulders turn substantially to a right angle toward the left and the club goes'up to a horizontal Serial No. 223,621.

position over the left shoulder parallel with the line of play.

It is an object of this invention to provide a mechanical figure or skeleton which may be made to substantially execute a golf swing as above described.

Another object of my invention is the construction of a mechanical ligure which by means of a system of belts, pulleys and gears may be made to substantially execute a golf swing as above described.

My invention possesses other advanta.- geous features, some of which with the foregoing, will be set forth at length in the following description, where I shall outline in `full that form ofmy invention which I have selected for illustration in the drawings accompanying and forming part of the present specification. In said drawings I. have shown one form of my invention, but it is to be understood that I do not limit myself to such form, since the invention, as set forth in the claims, may be embodied in a plurality of other forms.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure l is a side elevation of my me` chanical figure.

Figure 2 is a plan View of the driving mechanism taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Figure 3 is a vertical section taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. l, and looking in the direction as indicated by the arrows.

Figure 4 is a front elevation of my incchanical figure with the head removed.

Figure 5 is a detailed view of the right shoulder.

Figure 6 is a detailed view of the left shoulder.

Figure 7 is a vertical detailed section of the spinal column and shoulders.

Figure 8 is a vertical detailed section of the head and its operating mechanism.

Figure 9 is a horizontal section taken on the line 9-9 of Fig. 8 and looking in the direction as indicated by the arrows.

l Figure 10 is a. detailed view in side elevation of the wrist mechanism.

Fi ure 11 is a horizontal section taken on the line 11--11 of Fig. 7 and looking in the direction as indicated by the arows.

My device consists of a skeleton generally designated as S, supportedby a frame gencrally designated as F. The frame consists of a base 1 to which is secured an upright 2. Vertically slidable on one end of upright 2 is a sleeve 3 which rides on a collar 4. The collar 4 is secured to the upright 2 by any suitable means such as a set screw 5. A horizontally extending supporting member 6 is provided withl a slot 7 (Fig. 2) which engages the upright 2. This supporting member is held in place by means of a collar 8 secured to the upright 2 by any suitable means such as a set screw 9. An angularly disposed'brace 11 is provided with a yoke 12 at its lower end and a bifurcated upper end 13. The yoke 12 surrounds the sleeve 3 and is pivoted thereto by means ot pins 14. The right hand end of the supporting member 6 as viewed in Fig. 1 is provided lwith a downwardly extending tongue 15 which is pivotally engaged by the bifurcated upper end 13 of ,the Ibrace 11. The right hand end of the supporting mem- .ber 6 is bifurcated and provided with a segment 16. This segment 16 is in turn provided with an arched slot 17. Journaled in the supporting member 6 by means of a shaft 18 are pulleys 19 and 21. These pulleys may be rotated by, means ot a crank A pin 23 is carried by an outwardly extending arm 24 and has journaled thereto a pulley 25. It will be noted that the pulleys 21 and 25 are in alinement and the pulley 25 may be driven by means of a belt 26 engaging both of these pulleys. The pulley 25 is provided with an extension 27 to which is secured an inwardly extending pin 28. A

pulley 29 is journaled to the supporting member 6 slightly in advance of the pulley 25. The pulley 29 is provided with a radially disposed slot 32 which is engaged by the pin 28 carried by the pulley 25. Double idlers 35 and 36 are journaled to the supporting member 6 by means of hinged brackets 37 and 38.

An upright 42 together with a bracket 43, to which it is attached by any suitable means such as rivets, is hingedly secured to the Hoor by means of hinges 44 and 45 so as to rotate in a counter clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 3. A spring 46 urges the upright 42 ina clockwise direction toward a vertical position. The upper end of the upright 42 is provided with notches 41 to accommodate the brace 11. A guard 47 allows only a limited motion of the brace 11 in both a lateral and vertical direction. The function of this construction will appear later on. Y

The skelet-on S comprises an upper spinal column 51 which is surrounded by a sleeve 52. rllhe sleeve 52 is straddled by the biturcated right hand end of the supporting member 6 and both the member 6 and the sleeve 52 are non-rotatably secured to the spinal column 51 by means of set screws 53 and 54. A- thumb screw 55 passes through the slot 17 in the segment 16 and is threaded f. into the sleeve 52. llt will he noted that the Ia collar 82.

posture of the skeleton may be adjusted by means of the thumb screw 55. A bracket 56 is non-rotatably secured to the spinal column 51 by means of a pin 57. A pulley 58 is non-rotatably secured to the spinal column 51 by being secured to the bracket 56 by any suitable means such as screws 59. Rotatably carried by the spinal column 51 is a sleeve 61 and rotatably journaled about the sleeve 61 is a sleeve 62. Secured to the sleeve 61 by means of a set screw 63 is a pulley 64. Non-rotatably secured to the sleeve 62 by means of a set screw 65 is a pulley 66. The sleeve 62 also non-rotatably carries, by means of set screws 67 and 68, a pair of shoulders 69 kand 71. Non-rotatably secured to the sleeve 61 by means of a set screw 72 is a pulley 73. v Midway between the lower and upper end of the spinal column 51 is fixed by means of a pin 74, a sector 75. The seetor is provided with a slot 76. The effective length of thisI slot may be changed at the will by means of spacers 77, secured,

within the slot by means of set screw 78. Engaged within the slot 76 is the end of a rod 79, non-rotatably supported from the pulley 66 by means of a bracket 81. The upper end of the sector 75 is provided with The collar 82 is provided with a slot 83 engaged by a pin 84 carried on the spinal column 51. The spinal column l51 is broken within the collar 82, that portion of it extending below the collar being designated at 85. The weight of the sector 75 is supported on the lower spinal column 85 by means of a collar 86 secured thereto by any suitable means. A lug 87 extends rearwardly within the sector 75 and has connected to it one end of a spring 88. The.

other end of the spring 88 is secured to the supporting member 6. It will be noted that the lower end of the rod 79 acting in the slot of the sector 75 serves as a lost motion connection between the shoulders 69 and 71 and the lower spinal column 85. Extending rearwardly and upwardly from the sleeve 52 is a bracket 89 to which are journaled a double pair of idler pulleys91 and 92.

Non-rotatably secured to the lower spinal column 85 are a pair of hips 93 and 94. Journaled on the ends of the hips 93 and 94 are upper legs 95 and 96, provided with bifurcated ends 97 and 98 which with the upper portions of the lower legs 99 and 101 form knees. Pivoted on the ends of the legs 99. and 101 by means of pins 102 and 103 are feet 104 and 105. The feet are pivoted to toes 106 and 107 which are in turn secured to the floor or base by means of clips 108 and 109.

Referring to Fig. 8, a head 121 is journaled on the upper end of the spinal column 51. A slotted sector 122 is non-rotatably secured to the spinal column 51 by means of a set screw 123. 'llhe sector 122 is prosleeve 147 by means of a pi-n 152.

vided with a segmental not-'ch 124. A down! wardly projecting leg 125 is held by the head 121 and is engaged by the side walls of the segmental notch 124 when the sector 122 is rotated by the spinal column. Thetending U-shaped member 129, the upperv end of which engages the lower end of the leg 125 as the shoulders rotate vfrom left to right. Secured to the shoulders 71 to the right of the member 1278 'is another upwardly and inwardly extending member 181 which engages the lower end of the lug 125 as the shoulders rotate from right to left. It willfbe noted that the notched sector 122 cooperates with the lug 125 to form a lost motion connection Hbetween the head and shoulders.

Referring to Fig. 5, apin 141 provided with a yoke 142 isnon-rotatably secured to the shoulder 71 by means of a. bolt 143. A pulley 144 is journaled on the pin 141 and' has secured thereto by means of a bolt 145, a U-shaped member 146. The pulley' 144 together with the U-shaped member 146 are rotatable about thepin 141. A sleeve 147 is swivelled on apin 148 carried by the yoke 142.' An arm 149 provided at its upper end .with a yoke 151 is pivote-d to the It will be noted that the connection between the arm 149 and the shoulder71 allows the arm both to swing and to rotate with respect' to said shoulder. The U-shaped member 146 is provided Witltan.extension 158 to which is flexibly secured by'means of a Wing nut 154, a. link'155. The link-155 is in turn pi\f*otally secured by means of a pin 156 to a second link 157 second link is provided with upwardly 'extending guide members 158 which surround the arm 149. This second link is pivotally secured to' an ear 159 carried by a. sleeve 161 sliding on the arm 149. j

Referring to Fig. '6, a pin 171 is nonrot-atably Secured to the shoulder ,69 by means of a bolt 172. A pulley 17 3 is journa-led on the pin 171 and secured to this pulley by means of a holt 174 is a. `Ushaped member 17 5. The pin 171 is provided at one end with a yoke 176. Journaled at the ends of the arms of the yoke 176 isa pin 177. Journaled on this pin 177 is a combined pulley and beveled gear member 178. A rectangular block 179 is also journaled on lthe pin 177 and carried at its end by means of a pin 181, is theV yoke 182 of the left upper arm 183. A combined pulley and beveled. gear member 184 is journaled on the outer end of the pin 181. The teeth one causes the rotation of the other.

of the gears on the members 178 and 184 are in mesh and therefore the rotationTlof ie U-shaped member 175 is provided with an extension 185 to which is adjustably secured by means of a wing nut 186, the slotted end of a link 187. Tho opposite end of the link 187 is pivotally secured by means of a pin 188 to an ear 189 carried bv the sleeve 191. I

Fore arms 201 and 202 are secured to the upper arms-149 and 183 by toggle joints 203 and 204 (Fig. 4). Pulleys 205 and 206 are carried on the pin 207 of the toggle joint 204. The left fore a'rln 202 is provided with a yoke 208. Referring particularl to Figs. 4 and 10, a downwardly exten ing bracket 209 is secured to the lower end of the arm 202 by mea-ns ofl bolts 211 and 212.

This bracket is provided with angularly eX- tending ears 218I lto which are journaled,

by' means of pins 214, rollers 215. Journaled on a pin 216 held by the yoke 208 is a. block 217. The arms of another yoke 218 straddle the block 217 and are journaled on the pin 216. The stem 219 of the yoke "218 is journaled at the end of the bracket 209. Rotatably mounted on the stem 219 is a pulley 221. A bracket 222 is secured to the upper face of the pulley 221 by means of screws The end 224 of bracket 222 extends upwardly and is provided with an aperture 225'. aperture 225 is a Wrist rod 226. Only one Wrist rod is provided for in lswinging a golf club, both wrists of the player actually operate as one. The inner end of the Wrist rod 226 is secured by means of a..-screW or wrist pin 227 to the bloc-k 217. A sleeve 228 is mounted on rod 226 and is provided with an upstandingl rotatable ear 229. A collar 231 secured to the Wrist rod -226 by means of a set screwv 232 prevents any longitudinal motion of the sleeve 228 on the rod. The lower end of the arm 201 is pivotally secured to the' ea'r'v229' by `means of a pin 233; A golf club 234 may be secured to the wrist rod 226 in any suitable manner although it has been shown in Fig. 4 as being secured by means of a sleeve and two pins.

My device is operatively connected as follows: A belt 241 is driven by the pulley 19, passes around the `idlers and in turn drives the pulley 66. yThe belt 242 is driven by the pulley 29, passes around the idlers 36 and in turn drives the pulley 64. A belt Rotatably mounted in the 248 'is driven by the pulley 73 and in turn drives the combined Apulley and beveled gear 178. One end ofl a belt 244 is secured tothe 'i pulley 58. as shown in Fig. 4, a half-turn or more is then taken about the pulley 58 and then the belt is turned over the pulley 144, acrossthe shoulders' and over the pulley 17 3 and thenback to the pulley. 58 to which the other end is secured afterhtakingr at least a half-turn around it. A belt 245 is passed about the pulley on the member 184, passes connected with a club. The rotation ofthe crank 22 in a clockwise direction drives the belt 241 and the belt in turn is arranged,

to drive the pulley 66 also in a clockwise direction (as the pulley 66 is 'viewed from above.) It will be noted that the pulley 66 is non-rotatably secured to the sleeve62 and that the shoulder members 69 and 71 are likewise non-rotatably lsecured to the same sleeve. The rotation of the pulley 66 therefore causes a rotation of the shoulders 69 and 71. The pulley 58 however by virtue of being secured to the bracket 56 which in turn is non-rotatably secured to-the nonrotatable spine 51, is non-rotatable. Therotation of the shoulder members 69 and 71 causes the belt 244 carried by the pulley at lthe end of the shoulder members to wind about the pulley 58, thereby causing the pulleys 144 and 173 to rotate. The rotation of these latter pulleys being in al clockwise direction causes the arms of -the skeleton to move from left to right. Concurrently with this initial swing of the arms the wrist rod begins to rotate. As rotation of the crank 22 is continued the pulley 25 drives the pulley 29 at a decreased speed due to the action of the -pin 28 operating in the radially disposed slot 32, thereby'driving the pulley 64 in a/clockwise direct-ion as' viewed from above. The pulley 64, being non-rotatably secured to the sleece 61, rotates the 'pulley 73. The belt 243 may be crossed so that the rotation of the pulley 73 in a clockwise d irection causes the pulley and gear member 178 to be driven in a counter clockwise direction as viewed from above, and the pulley arid gear member 184 ina clockwise di rection as viewed in Fig. 4 This effects a clockwise rotation of thepulley 221 which of course carries the bracket 222 with it.

The rotation of the bracket 222 causes the rotation-of the rod 226 about the pin 227. (Fig. 10.) It will be noted from this iigu-re that the rod 226 does not rotate in a plane but rather describes a flat cone. When the pulley 29 starts to rotate the rod 226 to which a golf` club is secured, the club has two ymotions, a turning motion and a rotational movement about the Wrist pin 227. The 'lugs 235 on the upper end .of the fore arms engage the upper arms to prevent the unbending ofthe and rotating and that .they are1 given both motions on the rotation of the pulleys 173 and 144. This duplex motion is accomplished by the particular swiveled joints at the shoulders. The .rotation of the links 155 and 187 would cause the arms, if they had unlimited movement, to describe a conical path. When the arms are moving from left to right, the wrist rod rotates slightly in the same direction which enables the elbow of the right arm to be bent downwardly, thereby permitting the cluby 234 to be raised upwardly. During vthis motion of the right arm the left arm remains rigid. So far the club has a compound motion made up of a lateral movement created by the round-about movement of the shoulders and a vertical movement created by the upward and downward action of the arms and wrists. The continued rotation of the crank 22 causes the shoulders 69 and 71 to be rotated to a position at right an les with their1 original position. The club 1n the meantime has been traveling in an oblique plane, its head traveling in the path of an ellipse, finally coming to rest at its limiting position over the right shoulder. 'llhe club is then parallel to both the ground and the direction of the play with the toe of the club facing downward. yIn the meantime ythe rotation of the pulley 66 causes the rotation of the rod 79, the end of which engages the spacer 77 in the slot 76. Since the sector 75 is non rotatably secured to the lower spinal column 85, the engagement of the lower end of the rod I79'with the spacer 77 causes the lower spinal column to rotate, thereby rotating the hips-93 and 94. The` amount of rotation ofthehips, of course, may be determined by the setting of the spacers 77 in the sector 75. The knee joints and hip joints are suiiiciently loose to permit of this rotation. The rotation of the hips to the right Yrotate it in a counter clockwise direction thereby rotating the lower spinal -column and thehips in the same direction. This,

` of course, is permitted by the rot tion of the crank 22 in a counter clockwis direction. The shoulders startv to unwind and carry the arms with them. At this point the first movement of the wrist is slow duc to the movement of the pin 28 in the radial slot 32. On continued rotation of thel crank 22, thev rate of rotation of the ulley 29 is Aincreased, thereby accelerating t ewarm and causes the right knee-to straighten and the J left elbow is bent downwardly and the wrist upwardly toward the left in just the reverse order as taken in the up swing. The left hand spacer 77 in the sector 75 is engaged by the end of the rod 79 and thelhips are therebyl rotated toward the left, the right leg is flexed raising the right heel with it and the left leg is straightened. The impact of the club with the ball causes the body to move slightly toward the right, this movement being permitted by the hinged engagement of the upright 4-2 and bracket 43 with the Hoor. The spring 46 then quickly returns the body to its upright position. The brace 11 is disengaged from the notch 41' in the rack 39 carried by the upright 42. This disengagement-'enables the spring 40 to contract, thereby straightening the body. The counter clockwise rotation of the shoulders causes the upwardly extending member 131 to engage with the lug 125 carried by the head 121, thereby turning the head to the left. As soon as the pin is moved beyond a vertical plane determined by the member 126 and the spinal column 5'1, it will be seen' that the spring 127 has been moved from its neutral position, thereby tending to move the head quickly towards the left. The club and body at the finish assume a position just reverse of the position assumed at the' up swing. On rotating the shoulders back again to their neutral position the U-shaped member 129 engages the leg 125 to turn the head back to its neutral position.V j l By disconnecting one'of the belts 26 or 241 the separate movement of either th'.- arms and wrists or of the shoulders and hips may be obtained. This feature is of considerable advantage in illustrating the' component movement of a golf swing. With the hip and shoulder movements disconnected the putting swing may be executed.

I claim 1. In a mechanism of thel class described a skeleton incombination with a club and means for effecting the movement of the head of said club by said skeleton 1n a substantially elliptical path, substantially'in arr 3. In a mechanism of the class described, a skeleton in combination lwith a club, means for effecting the movement of the head of said club by said skeleton in a sub.- stantially elliptical path, substantially in an oblique plane, and means for rotating the head of said skeleton toward the left "during the linal movement of the club in that direction.

4. In a mechanism of the class described,

for effecting the movement of the head of said club by said skeleton in a substantially""' velliptical path, substantially in an oblique plane, and 'means comprising a lost motion connection between the head of the skeleton and the shoulders ofthe skeleton for rotating said head toward the left during the final movement of the club in that direction.

5. In a mechanism of the class described, a skeleton in combination with a club, means for effecting the movement of the head of said club by said yskeleton in a substantially elliptical path, substantially in an oblique plane, means for rotating the head of said skeleton toward the left during the final movement of the club in that direction and means for rotating the hips of the skeleton toward the'right and left and for flexing the legs of the skeleton during the final movement of the club in those directions.

6. In avmechanism of the class described, a skeleton in combination with a club, means for effecting the movement of the head of said club by said skeleton in a substantially elliptical path, substantiallyin an oblique plane, means comprising a lost motion connection4 between the head and shoulders of thev skeleton, for rotating said head toward the left during the final movemenbof the club in that direction, and means comprising a second lost motion connection between .the shoulders and hips of said skeleton, for rotating said hips toward theright and leftand for flexing the legs of the' skeleton during the inal movement of said club inl those directions.

7. In a mechanism of the class described, a skeleton in combination with a club, means for swinging the arms of said skeleton and a second means for bending its right arm as the arms are lswung toward the right.

8. In a mechanism of the class described, a skeleton in combination with a club, means for swinging the arms to the right and left and means for flexing the right and left arms respectively as the arms are swung respectively toward the right and left.

9. In a mechanism of the class described, a skeleton in combination with a club, means for swinging the arms and means for pivoting the wrist on the ends of the Varms as the arms swing.

10. In a mechanism of the class described, a skeleton in combination with a club, means llO for rotating the shoulders in a substantially horizontal plane and a second means for' concomitantly swinging the arms about the shoulders.

l1l. In a mechanism of the class described,- a skeleton in combination with a club, means for imparting a later-al motion to the club and ay `second "means for superimposing a vertical motion on said lateral motion.

12. In a mechanism of the class described, a skeleton in combination with a club, means for imparting a lateral motion to the club and a second means including a pivoted A wrist for superimposing a vertical motion `on said lateral motion. 1

13. In a mechanism of the class described, a skeleton in combination with a club, means for imparting a lateral-motion to the club, means for superimposing a vertical motion on `said lateral motion, means for flexing the'legs of the skeleton, means for rotating the head of the skeleton toward the left as the club is swung in that direction and means for effecting an uprightI posture of the skeleton as the body of the skeleton is rotated toward theleft.

14' Ina mechanism 0f the class described',

a 4skeleton in combination with a club, means for imparting a lateral motion to the club leg .to assume an upright Yjswung toward the left.

including a pair of power driven arms, and a second means including a pivotally mounted wrist for superimposing a vertical motion on said lateral motion.

' 15. In. a mechanism of the class described, a skeleton in combination with a club, means 4 for effecting the movement ofJ the head of of the skeleton to the' left as the left leg isv 17. In a mechanism of the class described, a-skeleton in a normally stooped posture i-n combination with a golf club, means for causing the golf club to be swung by the f skeleton and means :for causing the skeleton posture as the club is 18. In a mechanism of the class described, a skeleton in a normally stooped posture in combination with a golfclub, means for swinging the club, means for causing .the skeleton to assume an upright posture as the club is swung toward the left and means for turning the head of the skeleton toward the left.

19. In a mechanism of the class described, a skeleton in a normally stooped posture'in combination with a,4 golf club, means for swinging the club, means for causing the skeleton to assume an upright posture as the club is swung toward the left, means for turning the head of the skeleton toward the left with respect to the shouldersy of said skeleton.

20. In a mechanism of the class described,

a skeleton in a normally stooped posture in combination with a 4 golf v4club, means for swinging the club, means` for causing the skeleton to assume an upright posture as the club is swung toward the left, means for turning the head of the skeleton toward the left, means for causing the right leg to raise theright heel vand means for turning the head of the skeleton toward the left. y

2l. In a mechanism of the class described,l

'a skeletonl in a normally forwardly stooped posture having both legs slightly flexed in combination with a club, means for swinging the club to the right, straightening the right leg and 'lifting the left heel.

22. Ina mechanism of the class described,

a skeleton in a normally forwardly stooped' posture having both legs slightly flexed, in combination with a.club, means for effecting the movement of the head ofthe club by saidskeleton in a substantially elliptical path, substantially in an oblique plane and means for causing the skeleton to assume an erect posture.

23. In a mechanism of the class described, a skeleton in a normally forwardly stooped posture having both legs slightly flexed, in

combination with a club, means for effecting the movement of the headof the club in a substantially elliptical path, substantially in" an oblique plane including a combined arm, shoulder and wrist movement', and means for flexing the left leg, vcausing skeleton to assume an upright position, flexing the .right leg and turning the head of the skeleton toward the left in the sequence as given. 24. In a mechanism of th class described, a skeleton in combination with a golf club,

and means for swinging the club first over.

the'right shoulder and then over the left shoulder. y

25. In a mechanism of the class described', a skeleton in lcombinatin with a golf club, and meansfor swinging the club to a position' over the right shoulder and at right angles with a line drawn through both shoulders. l A

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand. f

JOI-IN L. MESPL. 

